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Gupta, Neeraj
- Classification of EEG Signal using Correlation Coefficient among Channels as Features Extraction Method
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, Krishna Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ghaziabad - 201206, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jhansi - 284128, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Electrical and Electronics, Krishna Institute of engineering and Technology, Ghaziabad - 201206, Uttar Pradesh, IN
1 Department of Information Technology, Krishna Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ghaziabad - 201206, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jhansi - 284128, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Electrical and Electronics, Krishna Institute of engineering and Technology, Ghaziabad - 201206, Uttar Pradesh, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9, No 32 (2016), Pagination:Abstract
Objectives: In this paper, we have evaluated the effectiveness of classification of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals using the correlation between channels as a method of features selection. Methods/Statistical Analysis: First data is broken sample wise, then correlation coefficient between channel pair for each sample is calculated. After that mean of the correlation coefficient of all channel pair for each class over all samples is calculated and in a similar manner, standard deviation from the mean is also calculated. For feature selection we have plotted a pair of the Gaussian curves between channels of two separate classes and choose those channels which give us lower misclassified area as features. Then these features are used for training purpose of Support Vector Machine (SVM). Findings: Most of the previous researches follow either signal processing approach or machine learning approach while we emphasized upon the nature of the signal propagation amongst the neurons. The basic idea behind the feature selection is taken from the way the signals propagate from one neuron to the other. In our work we assume that EEG signals follow the normal distribution and verify the fact using chi-square test. On applying SVM the accuracy of classification on testing data confirms that correlation among channels can be used for feature selection. Application/Improvements: The results can be improved by improving the pre-processing of EEG signals. It can be used to develop a Brain Computer Interaction (BCI) system.Keywords
Correlation Coefficient, Electroencephalogram (EEG), Support Vector Machine (SVM).- A Study of Traditional and Surrounding Gate MOSFET using TCAD Simulations
Abstract Views :148 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 ECE, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Gurgaon, Haryana, IN
1 ECE, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Gurgaon, Haryana, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9, No 47 (2016), Pagination:Abstract
In this paper, Traditional and surrounding gate MOSFET are simulated using TCAD Silvaco and report the effect of multigate transistor. As the channel length of transistors is scaling down, a traditional MOSFET suffers from short channel effects and degrade the device performance. The different parameter such as threshold voltage, area, subthreshold slope, channel length modulation and leakage current are extracted for traditional and surrounding gate MOSFET. The parameters obtained from surrounding gate MOSFET is compared with a traditional MOSFET of the same dimension. The Results show that better performance was obtained for surrounding gate MOSFET. Its current drive capability is more as compared to traditional MOSFET .However, benefits of achieving superior performance with surrounding gate MOSFET reduces in terms of poor RF performance. Hence, this paper concludes that surrounding gate MOSFET have huge potential to be a promising contender to the traditional MOSFETs for making of future generation low-power high speed devices which could minimize the occupied area.Keywords
Channel Length Modulation, Leakage Current, Subthreshold Slope, Surrounding Gate MOSFET, Threshold Voltage.- Nutritional Value, Uses and Benefits of Lemon
Abstract Views :419 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of FST, Main Campus Chatha, SKUAST-J., Jammu (J&K), IN
1 Division of FST, Main Campus Chatha, SKUAST-J., Jammu (J&K), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 14, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 99-100Abstract
The lemon, Citrus limon (L.), is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia. Citrus limon belongs to the family Rutaceae, Lemons are very high in vitamin C which protects against various diseases and contributes to a strong immune system. Lemon also contain phytochemicals flavonoids giving it a greater antioxidant boost. They also contain good amount of B-complex vitamins, like folate as well as minerals like calcium, iron, copper and potassium.The tree’s ellipsoidal yellow fruit is used for culinary and non-culinary purposes throughout the world, primarily for its juice, which has both culinary and cleaning uses. The pulp and rind (zest) are also used in cooking and baking. The juice of the lemon is about 5 per cent to 6 per cent citric acid, with a pH of around 2.2, giving it a sour taste. The distinctive sour taste of lemon juice makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such as lemonade and lemon meringue pie.References
- Aronson, J.K. (2001).Nature publishing group. Retrieved from: http://medicine.nature.com.
- Janati, S., Beheshti, H., Feizy, J. and Fahim, N. (2012). Chemical composition of lemon (Citrus limon) and peels its consideration as animal food. GIDA J. Food, 37(5): 267-271.
- Scope and Importance of Custard Apple Cultivation under Rainfed Areas
Abstract Views :176 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-station for Sub-tropical Fruits (S.K.U.A.S&T-J), Raya (J&K), IN
2 Division of Food Science and Technology (S.K.U.A.S&T-J) Chatha (J&K), IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (S.K.U.A.S&T-J) Samba (J&K), IN
1 Rainfed Research Sub-station for Sub-tropical Fruits (S.K.U.A.S&T-J), Raya (J&K), IN
2 Division of Food Science and Technology (S.K.U.A.S&T-J) Chatha (J&K), IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (S.K.U.A.S&T-J) Samba (J&K), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 13, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 115-117Abstract
Custard apple (Anona squamosa L.) is a small group of edible fruits of genus Annona and family Annonaceae are collectively known as annonaceous fruits. It is one of the most delicious fruits mainly consumed fresh. Annona fruits are formed by fusion of pistil and receptacle into a large flashy aggregate fruit. Genus Annona has 120 species, 6 of them having pomological significance.- Scope of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivation in North West India
Abstract Views :540 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Fruit Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main campus, Chatha (J&K), IN
2 Division of FST, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main campus, Chatha(J&K), IN
1 Division of Fruit Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main campus, Chatha (J&K), IN
2 Division of FST, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Main campus, Chatha(J&K), IN
Source
Rashtriya Krishi (English), Vol 14, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 73-74Abstract
The cultivated fig (Ficus carica L.) belonging to Moraceae family, is clearly of greatest importance as a source of human food. Common fig is also known as Anjeer. Fig is cultivated all over the world, originated from West Asia and spread to the Mediterranean region. The genus Ficus is a large one containing more than 1000 species, out of which about 65 species are found in India. In the world, the area under fig cultivation is 4,15,780 hectares with production of 10,47,230 MT (Anonymous, 2015). Egypt is leading fig producing country followed by Turkey, Algeria, Morocco and Iran. In India, fig is grown in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, Punjab and Tamil Nadu. The area under cultivation of fig in India is nearly 3,570 hectares with production of 14,643 MT, where in Maharashtra is the leading state followed by Karnataka (Anonymous, 2015). Fig is a minor fruit crop in North India with moderate size semi deciduous tree, growing 6-8 m high with short or twisted trunk and crown with irregular branches.References
- Anonymous (2008). Economic survey. Government of Jammu and Kashmir; 2008pp. 35.
- Anonymous (2015). Fruit production in India .Agricultural Department, Govt. of Maharashtra, Pune 2015 @www.Mahaagris. Com>accessed on 24 August, 2015.
- Kaul, S., Rehal, J., Rattanpal, H.S. and Sachdev, P.A. (2018). Physico- chemical attributes of brown turkey Fig. J. Krishi Vigyan, 6 (2): 187-192.
- Meghwal, P.R. and Kumar, P. (2009). Common fig cultivation in Indian arid zone. Intensive Agriculture October- December, 2009 pp. 20-23.
- Mewar, D. and Naithani, D.C. (2016). Effect of different IBA concentrations and planting time on stem cuttings of wild fig (Ficus palmata forsk). Plant Archives, 16(2): 959-962.
- Rattanpal, H.S., Sidhu, G.S. and Bons, H.K. (2017).Tree and fruit characteristics of fig cultivars grown in Punjab. Acta Horticulture, 1173 (20): 117-120.
- Singh, S. and Kaur, G. (2017). Evaluation of fig germplasm against insect and mite pests in North – west India. Acta Horticulturae, 1173 (42) : 245-250.
- Women Empowerment: A Challenge for Government as Well as Society
Abstract Views :176 |
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Authors
Parul Gupta
1,
Neeraj Gupta
2
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, SAS Nagar, Punjab, IN
2 Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, SAS Nagar, Punjab, IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, SAS Nagar, Punjab, IN
2 Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, SAS Nagar, Punjab, IN
Source
IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review, Vol 8, No 4-6 (2020), Pagination: 200-204Abstract
Women empowerment is the buzz word around the world, when it comes to ensuring women get equal opportunities as compared to men. This excitement around the topic is because of the potential women possess to contribute immensely to the development of society. This is because if a woman is empowered, then it is linked to the sustainable development in the entire world. Therefore, women empowerment has become important topic in the development of the nation. In order to make the nation developed, it is always necessary to develop both the halves of the population equally, i.e., the nation must ensure that both men and women are provided equal access to resources and opportunities to reach the ultimate goal of development. Empowering women means giving power to woman to take decisions at her own level in economic, political and all other dimensions of life. In order to empower women it is necessary to understand the ill practices followed by the society against women in male dominated Indian society. By and large they are discriminated against, suffer neglect, denied rights and violated in every possible way including getting killed even before they are born. The successive governments have been paying special attention to achieve the objectives of women empowerment. The government of India and Punjab has started so many programmes for the upliftment of the women. Ministry of women and child development has also started many schemes/programmes for the welfare of women. The governments have to be careful about not letting these schemes use women as only posters for the schemes. The women must be actual beneficiaries and for this the women themselves need to come forward and start coming out of the shadows of their family members. The schemes discussed in this paper clearly showed that govt. is providing all the help to women in order to achieve community, organizational, economic, political and psychological empowerment. Along with the governments it is our responsibility to be open-minded and change the mindset of the society by providing equal opportunities to women so that she performs well in all spheres of life. Keeping above points in mind, this paper made an attempt to analyze the need for women empowerment and various schemes launched by the state government for the benefit of women using secondary data sources.Keywords
Women Empowerment, Government Schemes, Female Participation, Women and Child Development.References
- Anganwadi Services Scheme (Integrated Child Development Services) (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2020, from Department of Social Security And Women and Child Development: https://sswcd.punjab.gov.in/en/anganwadi-services-schemeintegrated child-development-services-icds-scheme-0
- Bebe Nanki Laadli Beti Kalyan Scheme (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2020, from Department of Social Security And Women and Child Development: https://sswcd.punjab.gov.in/en/bebe-nanki-laadli-beti-kalyan-scheme
- Chandra, S. K. (1997). Women and empowerment. Indian Journal of Public Administration, 43, 3-6.
- Deloitte (2019). Opportunity or challenge? Empowering women and girls in India for the fourth industrial revolution. India: Deloitte.
- Department of Social Justice, Empowerment, & Minorities (n.d.). Retrieved February 28, 2020, from Government of Punjab: http://punjab.gov.in/welfare-of-sc-bc
- Lennie, J. (2002). Rural women's empowerment in a communication technology project: Some contradictory effects. Rural Society,12(3), 224-245.
- Mai Bhago Vidya Scheme (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2020, from Department of Social Security and Women and Child Development: https://sswcd.punjab.gov.in/en/maibhago vidya-scheme
- Schemes (n.d.). Retrieved March 8, 2020, from Government of Punjab: http://punjab.gov.in/schemes?p_p_id=56_INSTANCE_WwvjLxh7XRkh&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=maximized&p_p_state_rcv=1&p_p_col_id=column-3&p_p_col_count=1
- Sharma, S., Ghosh, O. P., Srivastava, K. K., Yadav, K. A. S., & Kumar, R. (2018). Women and Men in India: A statistical compilation of Gender related Indicators in India. New Delhi: Social Statistics Division, Central Statistics Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
- Srivastava, N. (2018). Role of Banking Sector in Women Empowerment. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from Jagran Josh: https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/role-ofbanking sector-in-women-empowerment-1450432819-1
- Startup & Entrepreneurship (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2020, from Invest Punjab Business First, Government of Punjab: https://pbindustries.gov.in/static /policy_framework;Key=Startup_and_Entrepreneurship